LED lighting industry overview

LED applications are divided into two categories of display and lighting. To light-emitting diode (LED) as the light source of the new lighting, known as semiconductor lighting, referred to as LED lighting, semiconductor lighting as the main industry known as LED lighting industry. LED lighting industry chain, including upstream raw materials, equipment (single chip) and epitaxial growth; the middle of the chip manufacturing; downstream packaging and product development and production and application; supporting industries, including related equipment, accessories, materials and so on. The upper reaches of the high technological content, capital investment, the quality of large, high profit margins, LED light color and luminous efficiency and production of LED materials and processes related to the upper reaches of the LED manufacturing costs about 70% of the LED industry is extremely important; Is the technology and capital-intensive links, the chip is the most competitive part of the patent competition, with strong investment strength but slow performance; downstream links, including LED packaging and lighting development and production applications, is the most closely linked with the market links, Content is relatively low, the investment threshold is also low, and thus the LED industry is the largest and fastest growing areas.

International LED lighting industry status

LED lighting industry is in a period of rapid development, the current global LED industry can be divided into four regions. First, Europe and the United States to general lighting as the main direction, emphasizing the product's high reliability and high brightness. Second, Japan, the most comprehensive technology, whether it is general lighting, or backlight display, have a strong strength, its development direction taking into account the general lighting, cars, mobile phones and television. Third, South Korea and China Taiwan, to notebook computer display backlight, LED-TV backlight and mobile phone backlight as the main direction, shipments, low unit price, low gross margin. Fourth, the Chinese mainland, mainly to yellow-green, the main outdoor display, advertising screen, the field of lights.

In the domestic industrial policy and the dual needs of the international market, China's LED lighting products market is also accelerating the development. At present, the global LED production capacity to shift to China, about 50% of the world's LED packaging and more than 60% of LED applications are carried out in China. China has become the world's fastest growing semiconductor lighting industry region.

Domestic LED lighting industry development policy

With the inherent advantages of energy saving and environmental protection, L ED industry has become a powerful engine to start the green lighting revolution, known as the "new light source and the intersection of new energy gold," continued by the national and local governments at all levels of support. At the beginning of 2006, the State Council issued the Outline of the National Medium and Long Term Science and Technology Development Plan, which included "energy efficient, long life semiconductor lighting products" in the first priority area (energy) of the first long-term plan (energy) , At home and abroad caused widespread concern; the same year in October, the national "Eleventh Five-Year" 863 plan "semiconductor lighting project" major projects officially launched. On January 10, 2008, the State Ministry of Finance, the National Development and Reform Commission (hereinafter referred to as the "National Development and Reform Commission") jointly issued the "Interim Measures for the Administration of Financial Subsidy Funds for Efficient Lighting Products" to promote the rapid development of LED industry. November 4, 2011, issued by the National Development and Reform Commission jointly issued by the 5 "on the gradual ban on the import and sale of ordinary lighting incandescent notice" made it clear that the stage will be eliminated incandescent, and plans to October 1, 2016, ordinary Incandescent lamps will be completely out of the market. Development and Reform Commission also organized the drafting of the semiconductor lighting industry, "second five" plan, and the Ministry of Finance and green lighting policy, research and development to encourage LED promotion measures. The promulgation and implementation of this measure will play a huge role in promoting the lighting industry in China.

At the same time, in the "second Five-Year" energy-saving emission reduction background, the Chinese government for public lighting also introduced a series of incentive policies to speed up China's environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction, LED products to expand domestic demand, accelerate the promotion of LED lighting products Application areas. Including "ten city ten thousand", "thousands of miles", "green lighting city" and other related systems engineering, to promote LED lighting product awareness, to create a good market space.

With the LED in the energy-saving emission reduction, promote the transformation of related industries, change the mode of economic development and other aspects of the role of further show that China is expected to introduce a more powerful LED industry to promote the development of its policy space and market space has great potential to enhance The

China 's LED lighting industry standardization status

After several years of development, China's LED industry has basically formed a relatively complete industrial chain. At the same time, LED lighting related standards, the establishment of the standard system has entered a stage of rapid development. At present, the domestic LED and semiconductor lighting related to the standard project has been basically covered epitaxial chips, packaging devices, product applications, test equipment and other aspects of the industrial chain.

China LED lighting industry distribution status (1)

In the "National Semiconductor Lighting Project" under the impetus, China has established Shanghai, Xiamen, Dalian, Nanchang, Shenzhen, Yangzhou and Shijiazhuang and other seven countries of the semiconductor lighting engineering industry base. The distribution of domestic LED industry is as follows.

(1) the Pearl River Delta: mainly concentrated in Shenzhen, Zhongshan, Foshan, Huizhou, Guangzhou, Jiangmen and Dongguan and other places. Pearl River Delta region is the development of semiconductor lighting industry, one of the most active and fastest areas, packaging and application of the largest in the country, from the market recently, the investment is active, to undertake more overseas business transfer. The most obvious competitive advantage is the market advantage. LED lighting market in Guangdong accounted for 50% of the country. Among them, the Guangzhou industrial base focused on research and development, testing, design and other high-end service platform and downstream packaging, Shenzhen semiconductor lighting industry has initially formed a "sapphire - epitaxial - grain - packaging - application" a complete industrial chain, Jiangmen mainly concentrated in the downstream Packaging, applications, and has the upper and middle reaches of the epitaxial chip manufacturing extension.

(2) Yangtze River Delta: Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, Hangzhou, Ningbo, represented by the Yangtze River Delta region, LED industry supporting strong, high-end applications, talent, funds are more concentrated. Among them, Shanghai has been in the semiconductor chip manufacturing and packaging applications show a good industrial development trend, and the formation of a relatively complete industrial chain and business groups; Jiangsu semiconductor lighting industry in the development of electronic information industry, driven by the current semiconductor lighting Packaging and application has begun to take shape; Ningbo has a solid industrial base (start earlier, at the same time for the lamp production base) and economic location advantages.

(3) Fujian triangle: mainly concentrated in Jiangxi and Fujian region, the upper reaches of the Fujian Delta investment scale of the largest domestic, extension and chip capacity, chip companies larger, more enterprises in Taiwan transfer. Xiamen has a good group advantage, talent and location advantages. Jiangxi Province from the upstream epitaxial materials, the middle chip manufacturing to the downstream device packaging have achieved large-scale production.

(4) Bohai Bay area: Beijing, Tianjin, Dalian, Hebei, as the representative of the Bohai Bay region, R & D strength, R & D institutions are more concentrated, with the best domestic extension and chip technology. Especially in Beijing, R & D advantage is obvious; Dalian has a solid light industry and optoelectronic industry base, "Northeast Asia Economic Circle Center" economic location advantages.

China's LED lighting industry standardization (2)

Revision of Domestic LED Lighting Standard System

At present, China has issued LED lighting at all levels of a total of 111 standards, including LED national standard a total of 36, has been drafted and is drafting the LED national standard a total of 8, to be established LED national standard a total of 20. Has issued a total of 56 LED industry standards, has issued a total of 19 local LED standards.

Development Status of Domestic LED Lighting Industry Standard System

The standard system is an organic whole that forms a standard within its range. LED lighting industry standard system is a process in the LED industry has been developed, is being developed and the need to develop the standard according to its internal link to form a scientific organic whole, involving the upstream from the raw materials, equipment and epitaxial growth, the middle of the chip manufacturing, To the downstream packaging and product development and production and application of the entire LED industry chain standardization process.

In recent years, LED lighting industry has been the strong support of national and local governments, the standard system construction speed significantly accelerated, promulgated and set a large number of LED national standards, industry standards and local standards, constitute the LED lighting industry standard system of the basic framework.

The domestic LED lighting industry standard system framework is mainly in accordance with the core technology characteristics of the LED industry chain, and emphasizes the application of LED products in the field of lighting and display applications, divided into general technical standard subsystems, materials, epitaxy, chip standard sub-systems, Module standard sub-system, drive, control standard sub-system, application standard sub-system, equipment standard sub-system, special places application standard sub-system, a total of seven standard sub-system.

The domestic LED lighting industry standard system framework contains three levels of content: the first level, including LED chip standards, LED packaging technology standards and LED lighting standards and other three categories. The second level includes the basic standards, performance standards, method standards and safety standards and other four categories. The third level, including lighting LED test method standards, lighting LED beam can reach more than 2100lm, light efficiency can reach 90lm / W or more, beam maintenance rate of 90% or more, next year will be possible to improve these standards. The publicity standards include the LED fluorescent lamp-based D12 socket, LED fluorescent lamp, LED fluorescent lamp converter and other four kinds of standards.

Recently, South Korea issued a new notice, that is, on the fluorescent lamp replacement L ED lamp standard draft. The draft raised the safety standard for LED lamps that can replace straight pipe, tie row and ring fluorescent lamps. The draft standard covers safety standards and safety requirements for fluorescent lamps for LED lamps that can replace straight pipe type, combined type and ring type fluorescent lamps. Safety requirements include insulation resistance, insulation strength, creepage distance, electrical Gap, heat and flame resistance, performance requirements, including luminous flux, color temperature and point / life off.

Conclusion

On the whole, many international standards organizations have developed a variety of standards, reflecting the full attention to the standardization of the situation, but some of these standards, norms of duplication and contradictory problems, in particular, some applications by the traditional industry impact and standard technology And the existence of technical blind spots caused by the standard unscientific problems. Therefore, the proposed domestic LED standardization work in the full reference to the existing international standards of technology and experience, a reasonable planning of China's LED standardization work content and process, to carry out the standardization of LED research, to speed up the development of China's national conditions for the LED national standards, Work closely with the market, increase the standardization of LED investment, training LED standardization of personnel, as soon as possible to build China's LED standardization system.